First delivered as a series of lectures, C.S. Lewis's The Abolition of Man: Reflections on Education with Special Reference To the Teaching of English in the Upper Forms of Schools is a famous book. Categorized by Amazon as a book in the Christian Theological Anthropology genre, Lewis sets out to defend both objective value and natural law. He also warns of the repercussions of "debunking" these things. In the book, Lewis also reminds readers that, courage and honor are becoming increasingly more important values in the modern world.
Upon release, The Abolition of Man received unbelievably positive reviews. One reviewer called the book "simply amazing." Another loved the book, writing: "This is neither the sort of book you take to the beach for a leisurely read, nor is it the kind of book you read in bed before retiring; but this is the kind of book you need to sit up straight in a chair for, with a notebook and pen, or at least a highlighter". Regarded as Lewis' best work, The Abolition of Man is in seventh place on National Review's list of "100 Best Nonfiction Books of the Twentieth Century."
It is a serious book that is recommendable for those who are interested in the future of humanity. In the" Abolition of Man", C.S. Lewis argues that if humans do not have a common understanding of what it means to be human, some will create their understanding and impose it on others, which he believes is happening today. He describes this movement as a kind of “Tao-abolitionism” because its ultimate goal is to abolish the Tao, or natural law, which Lewis believed was based on God’s design for humanity and the universe. Lewis devotes much of his argumentation to explaining the basic principles behind what he calls “the Tao,” as well as how they relate to one another to provide an objective standard by which humans can interpret their thoughts and decisions objectively—without having to rely solely on their subjective feelings or opinions about things like right and wrong behavior or good and evil actions.
In the book, Lewis contrasts two views of human nature: the Tao and the Green Book. The Tao is a traditional view of human nature based on centuries of wisdom and experience. In contrast, the Green Book is a modern textbook used in schools that denies the importance of traditional values and teaches students how to use scientific methods to control their environment. He argues that these two views do not agree because they base their assumptions on different ideas about human nature.
The Tao is a universal moral law that applies to all humans in all situations. It teaches respect for life, others, property, people who are different from you, and the environment. This law is not arbitrary or invented by any particular person or group; wise people have recognized it throughout history in every part of the world. Therefore, Lewis calls it "the Tao." He believes objective right and wrong determine our ethical behavior. The Green Book is based on the opposite assumption: there are no universally valid values and no accurate way to determine what is right and wrong. Instead, we make up our values based on our individual preferences.
C.S. Lewis's "The Abolition of Man" is a philosophical masterpiece that addresses fundamental questions about education, morality, and the human condition. To assist readers in navigating the profound insights and arguments within this seminal work, this study guide offers a comprehensive analysis of key elements, including the historical context, central themes, Lewis's philosophical framework, and the enduring relevance of the book's ideas.
Understanding the historical milieu in which C.S. Lewis wrote "The Abolition of Man" is crucial for grasping the book's relevance. The study guide delves into the socio-political climate of the early to mid-20th century, examining the rise of moral relativism and the impact of scientific advancements on ethical considerations. This historical context sheds light on Lewis's motivations for writing a critique of contemporary educational philosophies.
The guide provides insights into C.S. Lewis's background, including his experiences as an academic and his philosophical journey. Lewis's transition from atheism to Christianity, as well as his deep engagement with classical literature and philosophy, is explored. This biographical context offers valuable perspectives on the intellectual development that informs "The Abolition of Man."
Lewis's work is deeply rooted in his philosophical outlook, and the study guide explores the foundational principles that underpin "The Abolition of Man." Concepts such as natural law, the Tao, and the concept of objective values are unpacked, providing readers with a solid understanding of the philosophical framework through which Lewis critiques subjectivism.
Central to "The Abolition of Man" is Lewis's concept of the Tao, a universal moral code that transcends cultural and historical boundaries. The study guide delves into the implications of the Tao as a source of objective values, exploring Lewis's argument against the reduction of morality to subjective preferences. The discussion examines the consequences of abandoning objective moral principles.
A significant portion of the guide focuses on Lewis's critique of contemporary education, particularly the implications of reducing values to mere sentiment. The guide explores Lewis's concerns about the impact of subjectivism on the moral formation of individuals and society. Readers gain insights into Lewis's thoughts on the role of education in shaping character and instilling a sense of virtue.
"The Abolition of Man" famously critiques a textbook referred to as "The Green Book," which exemplifies the reduction of moral values to subjective preferences. The guide dissects Lewis's argument against such reductionism, using the metaphor of "men without chests" to illustrate the consequences of divorcing reason from emotion and moral intuition.
Lewis introduces the concept of the "Conditioners," a group that seeks to control and manipulate human nature. The study guide explores Lewis's concerns about the rise of a technologically driven society and the potential dangers of unchecked power in the hands of those who would shape humanity according to their subjective whims.
C.S. Lewis was known for his vast knowledge of literature and philosophy, and the study guide highlights key literary and philosophical allusions in "The Abolition of Man." Readers are guided through references to classic works and thinkers, illuminating how Lewis draws on a rich intellectual tradition to articulate his critique of modern subjectivism.
The guide discusses the initial reception of "The Abolition of Man" and its subsequent impact on philosophy, education, and public discourse. It explores how Lewis's ideas have resonated across generations and influenced subsequent philosophical discussions on morality, education, and the human experience.
The study guide concludes by examining the contemporary relevance of "The Abolition of Man." Readers are prompted to consider how Lewis's insights can be applied to current debates on ethics, education, and the impact of technology on society. The guide encourages readers to critically engage with Lewis's ideas and assess their applicability in the 21st century.
In conclusion, "The Abolition of Man" by C.S. Lewis is a profound exploration of morality, education, and the dangers of unchecked subjectivism. This study guide serves as a comprehensive companion, offering readers a roadmap to navigate the philosophical intricacies of the book. By delving into the historical context, philosophical foundations, educational critique, and the enduring legacy of Lewis's ideas, readers can fully appreciate the depth and relevance of "The Abolition of Man" in the ongoing discourse on ethics and human nature.
